VERMONT - The Green Mountain State, known for its independent spirit and scenic beauty, has a history forged in the era of colonial grants and revolutionary fervor. At the foundation of its administrative structure lies Bennington County, established in 1778. As one of the two original counties created by Vermont's first general assembly and the oldest still retaining its original name and approximate boundaries, Bennington County holds a special place in the state's history.
Bennington County: Vermont's Oldest County - A Legacy of Pioneers and Patriots
This article explores the formation, significance, and enduring legacy of Vermont's oldest county.
The Genesis of Vermont Counties (1778)
Vermont's journey to statehood was unique. After declaring itself an independent republic in 1777, the fledgling government moved quickly to establish administrative structures. On March 17, 1778, the first general assembly created Vermont's two original counties: Bennington County in the west and Cumberland County (later renamed Windham County) in the east. This act laid the groundwork for local governance in the newly independent republic.
Bennington County: Named for a Colonial Governor
In the southwestern corner of Vermont, Bennington County was named in honor of Benning Wentworth, the colonial governor of New Hampshire. Wentworth was responsible for issuing the "New Hampshire Grants," land grants that led to the settlement of many Vermont towns, including Bennington.
Early Significance: The Town of Bennington and the Green Mountain Boys
While the county was formed in 1778, the town of Bennington holds an even earlier distinction. Chartered in 1749 by Governor Wentworth, Bennington was the first town established under the authority of the New Hampshire Grants. It quickly became a center of settlement and resistance against claims from New York. During this period, Bennington served as the unofficial headquarters for the Green Mountain Boys, a militia led by figures like Ethan Allen, who played a crucial role in Vermont's fight for independence.
Revolutionary Roots: The Battle of Bennington (1777)
The area gained fame just before the county's formal establishment during the American Revolution. The Battle of Bennington, fought nearby in Walloomsac, New York, in August 1777, was a significant victory for American forces (including many Vermonters and Green Mountain Boys) against British and Hessian troops. This battle boosted morale and contributed to the more substantial victory at Saratoga.
A County with Two Seats
Uniquely, Bennington County has two designated county seats, often referred to as "shires." The towns of Bennington (South Shire) and Manchester (North Shire) serve as centers for county government and judicial functions, reflecting the historical division and growth within the county.
Bennington County, Vermont's oldest continuously existing county, is steeped in history. From its origins tied to the New Hampshire Grants and the legendary Green Mountain Boys, through its connection to the pivotal Battle of Bennington, to its establishment as one of Vermont's foundational counties in 1778, Bennington County's story is central to the narrative of the Green Mountain State. Exploring its historic towns, scenic landscapes, and revolutionary landmarks offers a journey back to the very roots of Vermont.
Share This Article on Social Media
Sources:
- Vermont State Archives
- Vermont Historical Society
- Bennington Museum
- Histories of the New Hampshire Grants and the Green Mountain Boys
- Historical accounts of the Battle of Bennington
- Bennington County official records
- Town of Bennington
- Town of Manchester
What Is The Oldest County in The State of Vermont?
What Is The Oldest County in The State of Vermont?
Typography
- Smaller Small Medium Big Bigger
- Default Helvetica Segoe Georgia Times
- Reading Mode
