NORTH CAROLINA - A state rich in history from the Outer Banks to the Appalachian Mountains, is known by a particularly unique and enduring nickname: "The Tar Heel State." While it also holds the official title of "The Old North State," it is the "Tar Heel" moniker that has become a symbol of North Carolinians' pride and perseverance. This article delves into the fascinating and debated origins of this famous nickname, exploring the state's other historical designations.
The Tar Heel State: A Nickname of Pride and Mystery
The most widely recognized nickname for North Carolina is The Tar Heel State. Its precise origin is a matter of historical debate. Still, all theories are rooted in the state's long history as a major producer of naval stores—tar, pitch, and turpentine—all harvested from its vast pine forests.
- The Colonial Worker Theory: The most straightforward explanation suggests that workers who harvested tar from pine kilns or worked on the rivers transporting the sticky substance would often get it on their feet, leading to them being mockingly or descriptively called "tar heels."
- The Civil War Legend: A more dramatic and popular origin story comes from the American Civil War. During a fierce battle, it is said that North Carolina troops held their ground so tenaciously that it seemed as if they had tar stuck to their heels, preventing them from retreating. After the battle, General Robert E. Lee reportedly praised them, exclaiming, "God bless the Tar Heel boys!" Over time, this term evolved from a simple description into a badge of honor, symbolizing the grit, determination, and steadfastness of North Carolinians.
- The Revolutionary War Theory: An even earlier legend attributes the term to the Revolutionary War, suggesting that British General Cornwallis's troops had their advance slowed when they forded a river where North Carolinians had dumped tar.
Regardless of the exact origin, the "Tar Heel" identity has been embraced by the state and its people as a symbol of pride and resilience.
The Old North State: A Historical Designation
North Carolina's other official nickname is "The Old North State." This name has a more straightforward historical origin.
- The Carolina Split: The original British colony, established in the 1660s, was simply the Province of Carolina. Over time, the northern and southern settlements developed distinct identities. In 1729, the province was formally divided, creating the Province of North Carolina and the Province of South Carolina. The nickname "The Old North State" refers to North Carolina's position as the northern part of that original, "old" Carolina colony.
First in Flight: A Nod to Aviation History
While not an official state nickname, the motto "First in Flight" is famously featured on North Carolina's license plates. This commemorates the Wright Brothers' first successful sustained powered airplane flight, which took place at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, on December 17, 1903.
North Carolina's nicknames reflect its diverse history. "The Tar Heel State" refers to its rich colonial history and the tenacious character of its people. "The Old North State" points to its foundational history as part of the original Carolina colony. And the powerful motto "First in Flight" celebrates its place as the site of a world-changing moment in human history. Together, these names paint a picture of a state with a rich and compelling identity.
